Treating zinc oxide ores using ammonia
A new process of producing zinc from zinc oxide ores in the system of NH_4Cl-NH_3-H_2O was introduced . In the process, NH_4Cl-NH_3-H_2O was used as leaching agent, the Zn(NH_3)~(2+)_i was formed when the solution was reacted with zinc oxide ores, the rate of zinc that could be dissolved in the solution was more than 93%, while the content of …
Leaching kinetics of copper flotation tailings in aqueous ammonia …
Optimum leaching conditions from malachite ore by ammonia/ammonium carbonate solution are found as ammonia/ammonium carbonate concentrations: 5 M NH4OH+0.3 M (NH4)2CO3; solid/liquid ratio: 1:10 g ...
Copper recycle from sulfide tailings using combined leaching of ammonia
A comparison leaching with alkaline bacteria, ammonia or a combination of the two clearly indicated that copper recovery was remarkably better with combination that Cu extraction rate increased from 4.42% (48 days, ammonia leaching) or approximately 20% (30 days, alkaline bacterial leaching) to 29.57% (30 days, combined leaching).
The aqueous chemistry of the copper-ammonia system and …
From the Henderson-Hasslebach equation (Equation (10)), it can be indicated that the pH of the solution controls the ammonia concentration.Therefore, ammonia (NH 3) concentration is determined from the total ammonia concentration Equation (11) and the solution pH according to Equation (10).At low pH, greater amount of the total ammonia …
Novel treatment for mixed copper ores: Leaching ammonia
Fig. 1 shows that the most critical variable was the solid concentration in the leaching solution, wherein the copper extraction rate increased by 23% (for similar pH values and NH 3 level). This coincides with several investigations, which showed that the lower the S/L ratio, the higher the kinetics of copper dissolution. The more significant …
Acidic and Ammonium Sulphate Leaching of Historic Copper Tailings …
Ammonia medium used for leaching was prepared by adding 66 g of ammonium sulphate to 3.5 mL ammonium solution and 200 mL of distilled water. Half of the prepared ammonia solution was used to leach 40 g of the copper tailings sample. The pH during the entire leaching process was 8.3.
Leaching Kinetics of Willemite in Ammonia-Ammonium Chloride Solution
The leaching kinetics of willemite in ammonia-ammonium chloride solution was investigated. The effects of the ammonia-ammonium ratio, particle size, temperature, and total ammonia concentration on the leaching rate of willemite were determined. The results show that the optimum ammonia-ammonium ratio is 1:2 over …
Use of Ammonia Salts in Selective Copper Extraction …
Ammonia Leaching: A New Approach of Copper …
WEBLeaching of copper, zinc or molybdenum oxides are of this type. Oxide method: In this method, leaching requires the use of an oxidizer to oxidize solids such …
Leaching kinetics of low-grade copper ore with high-alkality …
The leaching kinetics of low-grade copper ore with high-alkality gangues was studied in ammonia-ammonium sulphate solution. The main parameters, such as ammonia and ammonium sulphate concentrations, particle size, solid-to-liquid ratio and reaction temperature, were chosen in the experiments. The results show that the increase of …
(PDF) Extraction of Gold and Copper from Flotation Tailings Using
This study presents the novel idea of a cyanide-free leaching method, i.e., glycine–ammonia leaching in the presence of permanganate, to treat a low-grade and copper-bearing gold tailing.
Ammonia Leaching: A New Approach of Copper Industry in
Ammonia and ammonium salts have been recognized as effective leaching agents in hydrometallurgical processes due to low toxicity and cost, easy recovery and high selective recovery of metals. New research findings on considerable advantages of leaching by these agents and elimination of problems associated with acid leaching …
Use of Ammonia Salts in Selective Copper …
Use of Ammonia Salts in Selective Copper Extraction from Tailings. M. Deniz Turan1&Ramazan Orhan2&Mücevher Turan3&Hasan Nizamoğlu1. Received: 7 October …
Leaching of copper from tailings using …
The leaching of copper from the tailings of Baifang Copper Mine in Hunan province in China by aqueous ammonia/ammonium chloride solutions has been studied. The …
Importance of mineralogy and reaction kinetics for selecting leaching …
Abstract Ammoniacal leaching and sulfuric acid leaching were explored separately to recover copper from smelter slag. The overall 75% copper recovery was achieved from the smelter slag under optimum condition using ammoniacal leaching. The low copper recovery in this process is directly related to the complex slag mineralogy …
Dissolution kinetics of low grade complex copper ore in ammonia …
The leaching kinetics of Tang-dan refractory low grade complex copper ore was investigated in ammonia-ammonium chloride solution. The concentration of ammonia and ammonium chloride, the ore particle size, the solid-to-liquid ratio and the temperature were chosen as parameters in the experiments. The results show that …
Ammonia Leaching: A New Approach of Copper …
Leaching of copper from tailings using ammonia–ammonium chloride solution and its dynamics Ammonia– ammonium chloride Leaching time, the concentration of …
Use of Ammonia Salts in Selective Copper Extraction …
4OH (64%)>NH. 4Cl (42%)>NH. 4NO. 3(40%). The highest copper extraction efficiency was obtained in the leaching process that was conducted with the solutions obtained by mixing ammonia salts in the best conditions. Accordingly, as a result of 6 h of leaching at 30 °C in the presence of 22.5% NH. 4OH and 100 g/L (NH.
Copper Leaching | PDF | Ammonia | Chemical Reactions
Copper Leaching - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. effect of copper leaching to the environment
Copper(II) extraction from ammonia leach solution
The paper presents results of extraction of copper (II) from ammonia leach solutions. The effect of a type of extractant, its concentration and type of diluent in organic phase on extraction ...
Separation and Recovery of Copper from Ammonia Pregnant Leach Solution …
The pregnant leach solution (PLS) obtained when 10 g/L goldfieldite ore was leached using 1.7 mol/L ammonia solution at 75 °C within 120 min was employed for solvent extraction tests. This PLS obtained at established conditions was made of 571.27 mg/L Cu 2+, 31.4 mg/L Fe 3+, 5.09 mg/L Pb 2+, and 3.55 mg/L Ca 2+, respectively [ 18 ].
Dissolution of zinc silicate (hemimorphite) with ammonia–ammonium …
After ammonia–ammonium chloride dissolution, the relative abundance of zinc on the residue surface decreases with an increase of total ammonia concentration. XPS data shows that the Si 2p3/2 and O 1s spectra of the dissolved hemimorphite are broadened and shifted to higher binding energies during ammonia–ammonium …
Renewable ammonium chloride-induced calcium leaching of gold and copper
This study introduced a high-value green processing solution for copper tailings to prepare high-purity vaterite from gold-copper tailings. ... research has identified the use of ammonium chloride-ammonia leaching system in wet metallurgical processes. It dissolves zinc by forming zinc-ammonia complexes (Ding et al., 2010) and leaves …
Leaching kinetics of copper flotation tailings in aqueous ammonia …
The experiments of agitation leaching were carried out in aqueous ammonia/ammonium carbonate solution, to recover copper from the flotation tailings of waste copper oxide residue. The main copper minerals contained in the flotation tailings are chrysocolla, malachite, and cuprite, with the copper grade of 1.12%. Effects of lixiviant concentration, …
Leaching of Copper from a Nigerian Chalcopyrite-Rich
The use of ammonia, ammonium sulphate, and ammonium chloride in the extraction of copper from chalcopyrite ores has gained enormous attention to acidic media as a result of solving the setbacks of acid consumption, low cost, and ease of regeneration . The influences of important parameters such as lixiviant concentration, reaction …
The Use of Acid Leaching to Recover Metals from Tailings: …
In 2008, Antonijevic proposed copper recovery from Bor copper mine tailings through acid leaching. The tailings had around 21% sulfide content and 0.2% copper, with a particle size of approximately 0.074 mm. He used a 1-L beaker with mechanical and magnetic agitators, employing 500 mL of leaching solution and 100 g …
Fundamental Insights in Alcoholic Ammoniacal Systems for …
Ammonia is known to be an effective leaching agent in hydrometallurgical processes. Despite being initially used to selectively extract Cu, ammoniacal leaching has been expanded towards a range of other non-ferrous metals, e.g., Zn, Ni, Co, Ag, and Au [1,2,3,4,5].The performance of ammoniacal metal extraction systems is determined by …
Renewable ammonium chloride-induced calcium …
The leachate can be directly used to produce CaCO 3, and NH 4 Cl can be reused multiple times (Konopacka-Łyskawa et al., 2017). This study pretreated high-calcium gold …
Selective leaching of a copper ore by an …
The initial content of copper in the tailings was 1109 mg Cu/kg of dry tailing, where close to 40% of the sample in weight corresponded to a soluble fraction. ... the technique envisaged consists in the copper …
(PDF) Copper ammonia leaching from smelter slag
65% of Cu into ammonia solution: 1M NH OH, T = 333 K, particle size 90% < 200 mesh, solid-to-liquid. ratio 10 pct, stirring rate 800 rpm, and leaching duration 180 min, 65% of copper is extracted ...
Ammonia Leaching: A New Approach of Copper …
Leaching of copper from tailings using ammonia–ammonium chloride solution and its dynamics Ammonia– ammonium chloride Leaching time, the concentration of ammonia, solid/ liquid ratio and temperature 75 [11] Dissolution kinetics of low grade complex copper ore in ammonia–ammonium chloride solution Ammonia– ammonium chloride
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