Direct-reduced iron
Use: In electrometallurgy, direct-reduced iron is exclusively used as a source of iron for steelmaking. It is a major and very serious contender for scrap and pig iron. A further DRI twist is provided by its development inextricably linked with that of electric steel production. Average annual growth rate of DRI production is estimated at 9 % ...
Green Hydrogen-Based Direct Reduction for Low-Carbon …
Due to its high implementation rate, representing about 65% of the total worldwide produced direct reduced iron (DRI), the MIDREX process was selected as basis for the following considerations (see Figure 1). The key component of the DR process is a shaft furnace, where the reduction of iron ore to sponge iron by using NG or other gaseous ...
Cost and Life Cycle Analysis for Deep CO
Among heavy industrial sectors worldwide, the steel industry ranks first in carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions.Technologies that produce direct reduced iron (DRI) enable the industry to reduce emissions or even approach net-zero CO 2 emissions for steel production. Herein, comprehensive cradle-to-gate (CTG) life cycle analysis (LCA) …
Enhancing Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) for Use in Electric …
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) is the second most viable source of iron used in steelmaking after pig iron or hot metal produced in blast furnaces. DRI is produced by direct reduction of iron ore using carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Natural gas-based shaft reactors are commonly used in North and
A review of ironmaking by direct reduction processes: …
Overview of DR processes Direct reduction processes reduce iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets or fines) to the solid state using a reducing gas to produce Direct Reduced Iron (also known as sponge iron). DRI is often compacted to reduce its porosity and to convert it to Hot Briquetted Iron (HBI) for sale or storage (Indian Bureau of Mines ...
(PDF) DIRECT REDUCED IRON ORE: Production
This product is known as direct reduced iron (DRI) or sponge iron. Processes that produce iron by reduction of iron ore (in solid state) below the melting point are generally classified as DR ...
ENERGY-EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS FOR …
India is the largest producer of direct reduction of iron (DRI), popularly known as sponge iron and accounted for about 39.3% of the global production in 2020. India's growing economy will require an increase ... CDRI Cold Direct Reduced Iron CLO Calibrated Lump Ore CO Carbon Monoxide COP Coefficient of Performance DRC Davy Reduction …
Direct-Reduced Iron
In a DR process, iron ore pellets and/or lump iron ores are reduced by a reducing gas to produce DRI or hot briquetted iron (HBI). Depending on the generation …
Hydrogen Direct Reduced Iron | SpringerLink
Yilmaz and Turek studied the potential to reduce CO 2 emissions from blast furnace processes by using direct reduced iron (DRI) as a pre-reduced input material. Different types of DRI produced by gas-based processes (i.e., the Midrex and Energiron process) were considered. These are assumed to be produced partially using pure …
Use of Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) in the Electric Arc
The past 5 years have seen increases in the supply and use of Pig Iron, Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), and Hot riquetted Iron (HI) in the EAF. • DRI should not be considered as a scrap substitute but rather as a source of clean iron units that can be used to supplement and enhance the scrap charge
Direct Reduced Iron Market | Global Sales Analysis Report
The demand of direct reduced iron in U.S. is expected to increase by 9.0% CAGR between 2022 and 2030 on value basis. [391 pages Report] Direct Reduced Iron Market is estimated at US$ 8,908.3 Mn in 2022, likely to surge at a vigorous 8.2% CAGR during the assessment period 2022 - 2030.
Direct Reduced Iron: The New Age of HBI
In 2019, DRI production hit a record 108.1 million tons—7.3 percent more than the previous year, owing most of its increase to India, Iran, and Algeria. In 2021, DRI production reached 119.2 million tons, up by 10.2 percent from 2019. While growing output in India—the world leader in DRI production—was due to productivity growth in coal ...
Direct Reduction – Paul Wurth – Shaping the future of …
The Midrex® direct reduction process is the industry's most productive technology for making high-quality direct reduced iron (DRI) products, accounting for approximately 60% of the world's total annual production. DRI and its derivatives, including hot briquetted iron (HBI), are iron feedstock used in steelmaking applications.
Process Improvements for Direct Reduced Iron Melting in …
Steelmaking based on direct reduced iron (DRI, and its compacted derivative hot briquetted iron, HBI) is an anticipated important global alternative to current steel production based on FeOx reduction in blast furnaces due to its lower specific CO2 emission. The majority of DRI is melted and refined in the electric arc furnace with …
Direct Reduced Iron: Most Efficient Technologies for …
Direct reduced iron (DRI) is also known as sponge iron (Hasambeigi et al. 2014 ). This high porous material has a metallization degree in the range 85–95% with a carbon content in the range 0.5–4% depending on the processing route. During the process, the iron oxides are reduced at the solid state.
Green Hydrogen-Based Direct Reduction for Low …
Therefore, the natural gas (NG)-based direct reduction (DR) acts as a basis for the first step of this transition. The high flexibility of this route …
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) Market | Global Industry Report, …
The global direct reduced iron market was valued over US$ 21.87 Bn in 2020. It is estimated to expand at a CAGR of 8% from 2021 to 2031. The global direct reduced iron market is expected to reach the value of US$ 50.64 Bn by the end of 2031. Analysts' Viewpoint on Direct Reduced Iron Market Scenario.
Metals | Free Full-Text | The Behavior of Direct Reduced Iron …
Hydrogen-based direct reduction is a promising technology for CO2 lean steelmaking. The electric arc furnace is the most relevant aggregate for processing direct reduced iron (DRI). As DRI is usually added into the arc, the behavior in this area is of great interest. A laboratory-scale hydrogen plasma smelting reduction (HPSR) reactor …
DRI: the 'direct' route to greener steel | Malvern Panalytical
It also represents a great 'direct' route to more sustainable operations due to its versatility. In DRI processes, coke or another carbon reductant is replaced by a reducing gas, such as H 2. Iron ore pellets are reduced in a shaft furnace where the temperature can be relatively low – in the region of 800° C. Depending on the production ...
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) is high in iron content and low in copper and other undesirable metals – tramp elements – and nitrogen content. It is used to make a broad range of steel products. Its physical and chemical characteristics make it desirable for use in the electric arc furnace (EAF), blast furnace (BF), and basic oxygen furnace (BOF
Hydrogen direct reduction (H-DR) in steel industry—An …
The shaft furnace direct reduction-electric arc furnace (DR-EAF) route (Fig. 1) is the primary alternative to the BF-BOF route, which reduces lump ore/pellets to direct reduced iron (DRI) primarily using natural gas (NG), and further converts the DRI in an EAF. The DR-EAF route significantly reduced the consumption of coke and coal while ...
WORLD DIRECT REDUCTION STATISTICS
global direct reduced iron (DRI) production in 2022 was 127.36 million tons (Mt). DRI output was up almost 6.9% from the previous record of 119.2 Mt set in 2021. Once again, …
Towards fossil-free steel: Life cycle assessment of biosyngas …
The LCA of steel production via biosyngas-direct reduced iron (DRI) route is studied. • Scenario analysis considers technical parameters, policy aspect and market dynamic. • The climate impact is 75–85% lower than that of conventional fossil-based steel. • The biomass supply chain contributes around 20% to the overall climate impact. •
GREEN STEEL THROUGH HYDROGEN DIRECT …
1. DIRECT REDUCTION OF IRON ORE 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2010 2019 Iron Production (Mt) Pig iron Direct reduced iron Figure 1: Iron production, 2000, 2010, 2019 Source: (WSA, 2020) India is the country with the largest DRI production, reaching 34 Mt in 2019, accounting for around a third of global DRI (WSA, 2020). The majority of Indian …
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) | International Iron …
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) is the product of the direct reduction of iron ore in the solid state by carbon monoxide and hydrogen derived from natural gas or coal. See more information about the production of DRI. … See more
Direct Reduced Iron: Most Efficient Technologies for …
Direct reduced iron (DRI) is also known as sponge iron (Hasambeigi et al. 2014). This high porous material has a metallization degree in the range 85–95% with a …
Strength of Direct Reduced Iron Following Gas-Based …
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), also known as sponge iron, is highly porous, much less dense than iron ore and sintered steel, and is used as a raw material in electric furnace steelmaking. DRI is expected to sustain compressive impacts during handling, stockpiling, and shipping, which tend to break down DRI into fines. Fines are undesirable ...
From Ore to Iron with Smelting and Direct Iron Reduction
Figure 4: The direct reduced iron (DRI) process produces sponge iron in the form of hot briquetted iron (HBI) pellets and hot or cold direct reduced iron (DRI or HDRI). Source: International Iron Metallics Association (IIMA) The porous cold or hot direct reduced iron can be transported immediately to an electric arc furnace for refinement …
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)
Direct-reduced iron (DRI), also called sponge iron, is produced from direct reduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets or fines) by a reducing gas produced from natural gas or coal. The reducing gas is a mixture majority of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) which acts as reducing agent. This process of directly reducing the iron ...
(PDF) i) Direct Reduced Iron: Production
This product is known as direct reduced iron (DRI) or sponge iron. Processes that produce iron by reduction of iron ore (in solid state) below the melting point are generally classified as DR ...
